<?php

$conn=odbc_connect('Easy_Textbook_Library','','');

if (!$conn){
exit("Connection Failed: " . $conn);
}

$sql = "SELECT * FROM Mytables";

$result = odbc_exec($conn,$sql);

if (!$result){
exit("Error in SQL");
}

$fetchedRes = array();

while($rows = odbc_fetch_array($result))
{
$fetchedRes[] = $rows;
}

echo "

".print_r($fetchedRes)."

“;

?>

System and communication: Types of System (part 4 / 5)

For educational purpose only.

Control and Monitoring system

Monitoring system

Example:

monitoring patient’s vital signs
(uses oxygen, brain activity sensor)

Weather forecasting
(uses temperature, pressure sensor)

How monitoring system

1. Computer continuously collect data from sensors.

2. Data is converted using analogue to digital converter (ADC) to enable computer to “understand” and process the data.

3. Computer compare new data with stored data.

4. if there is a big change between new data and stored data, computer system will warn  user in form of sound (e.g. alarm, siren or beeping sound).

Example:

Example:

Hospital monitoring:
stored data (normal oxygen) is 97 – 100.
If new data (collected from patient) is 88, it should give out alarm.

Control system

Examples:

traffic lights (controlling sequence of lights to maintain optimum traffic flow)
uses pressure sensor

Chemical and nuclear plant (open and close gas valves)
uses gas sensor

How control system works:

1. Computer continuously collect data from sensors.

2. Data is converted using analogue to digital converter (ADC) to enable computer to “understand” and process the data.

3. Computer compare new data with stored data.

4. Computer system will send signal to device and change the data back to analogue using DAC (digital to analogue converter).

5. Instruct device to switch on or off.

Example

Traffic control system:
stored data (normal car queue) is 20.
If new data (collected from north sensor) is 50, and (collected from south sensor) is 10,
it should instruct south light to turn green first.

Advantages:

• Safer (faster response and computer don’t get tired and miss key data)
• Computer work 24/7
• More accurate and can take more frequent readings (If reading need to be taken every 30 seconds, human may miss it)

System and communication: Types of System (part 3 / 5)

Network system

View this document on Scribd

System and communication: Types of System (part 2 / 5)

Single user online system

There are two types of single user operating system:

a) Single user, single task
b) Single user, multi task

‘Online’ system simply means that the user is connected to the processor.

a) Single-user, single task

As the name implies, this operating system is designed to manage the computer so that one user can effectively do one thing at a time. The Palm OS for Palm handheld computers is a good example of a modern single-user, single-task operating system.

b) Single-user, multi-tasking

This is the type of operating system most people use on their desktop and laptop computers today. Microsoft’s Windows and Apple’s MacOS platforms are both examples of operating systems that will let a single user have several programs in operation at the same time. For example, it’s entirely possible for a Windows user to be writing a note in a word processor while downloading a file from the Internet while printing the text of an e-mail message.

Multi-users online system

This system allows more than one person to use the same computer at the same time. The processor is so fast that we thinks that we are online all the time. In fact, each terminal is given some time on the processor, before it moves on to the next terminal.

image from: http://bcis.pacificu.edu/journal/2008/02/images/thinclient.png

Acknowledge to:
http://computer.howstuffworks.com/operating-system3.htm

System and communication: Types of System (part 1 / 5)

For educational purposes only.

Batch processing OS
In this process, a number of tasks (or jobs) are all collected together over a set period of time. They are then all loaded into the computer system (in a job queue) and processed in one go (or batch). Once a batch job begins, it continues until it is completed or an error is encountered. No user interaction is required once execution begins.

Batch processing is carried out offline because the input is collected first.

This has the advantage that jobs can be processed when computer resources are less busy (e.g. during the evening or at night); thereby utilising an expensive resource. Batch processing is often used in the following application areas:

1. billing systems (gas, electricity, water, etc.)
2. payroll systems
3. processing cheques

Real time OS

There are two types of real time OS :

1) Real time transaction process OS
2) Real time control process OS

Real-time processing is said to be online processing, as the input is immediately processed to give output.

Real time (transaction) processing

When booking seats on a flight, for example, real time (transaction) processing would be used. Response to a query needs to be very fast and once a seat is booked it needs to marked as “not available” immediately to avoid any risk of double booking. Using this example of booking seats on a flight, the following sequence of events would take place:

1. customer/travel agent contacts the airline
2. the customer/travel agents types in the day/time of flight and number of travellers
3. the customer/travel agent types in the departure airport and the destination airport
4. the airline database is searched and availability of seats checked
5. if seats are available on the required day/time then a booking is made
6. the database/file is updated immediately to indicate that these seats are no longer available and prevents double booking from occurring
7. if no seats are available a message is sent back to the customer/travel agent

this uses real time (transaction) processing since the files are updated in real time; interrogation of files will have access to totally updated information.

(NOTE: the above is sometimes referred to as pseudo real time since some applications don’t need immediate updating of the files)

Real time process control
Process control is a real time system. But this is very different to real time (transaction) processing; this system usually involves sensors and feed back loops i.e. the output can influence the next input to the system. All input data from received from sensors are immediately processed, analysed and immediately act on.

It is usually used in industry to control and monitor machines.Example: flight simulator. As soon as computer receives data from moved rudder, the ‘airplane’ responds.

2 System Analysis

This is for educational purposes only. Acknowledgment to CIE website.

System analysis team is often brought in to improve on an existing system.

Objectives:

• Describe the main steps involved in system analysis.
• Apply principles of system analysis in your coursework projects.
• List steps involved in feasibility study.

Main stages of system analysis:

F   Feasibility Study
A   Analysis
D   Design
I    Implementation
M  Maintenance
E   Evaluation

Feasibility Study

• Feasibility study = planning study.
• Involve writing a report to convince management of adopting proposed new system.
• If feasibility study is accepted, system analyst moves to next stage (analysis of system)

Introduction
A doctor proposed a heart surgery to you. You might have a lots of questions to ask him of why, what are the procedures, when? is it as soon as possible or can it delay?

Why feasibility study?

• To obtain valid and reliable information on current situation.
• To create condition and develop strategies to help raise profit, in short time at low cost.

Steps involved in feasibility study

1. Terms of reference:
   a. Objectives
   b. Limitations
2. Description of existing system (include any problems and the projected costs)
3. Criteria
   a. Essential requirement &
   b. Desirable features of the proposed system.
4. Solution
   a. Development plan &
   b. Cost / benefit analysis

Example of System Analysis – Feasibility study and Analysis report.

View this document on Scribd

Hello world!

Welcome to WordPress.com. This is your first post. Edit or delete it and start blogging!

Production quiz sample

Loading…

BICTA ceremony

Another achievement by SM Masin students!
Congratulation to Mohammad Khuzaif bin Mohd Zaini and Mohammad Ramzi bin Salleh for your hard work! Thank you to Khairiyah bte Khairullah as well for your effort in BICTA competition as well!!

Some pictures to share with you

Proud teachers!!

Getting ready for His Royal Highness tour.

His Royal Highness, The Crown Prince.

2.11 Application Software – Multimedia Software

4.7 Application Software: Multimedia software compiled by syeqahz10Note on Multimedia software can be found here.

4.7.1 Introduction

Multimedia software

Multimedia software is software that combines more than one medium. E.g. sound, animation, graphics, video, used in presentation.

4.7.2 Multimedia features
 

 
Main features available in all multimedia:

-    Use of photographs / pictures
-    Use of sound / audio
-    Use of different fonts / text
-    Use of hyperlinks
-    Connect to a web page
-    Use of animation effects
-    Embedded videos
-    Timed transition between pages
-    Presentation themes
-    Transition effects

4.7.3 Hardware needed for developing and displaying presentation
-    speakers
-    mouse / tracker ball / joystick / remote keypad
-    sound card
-    graphic card
-    CD drive / DVD drive
-    Large RAM / hard drive
-    Projector
-    Electronic whiteboard
-    Fast processor
-    High resolution monitor

4.7.4 How photographs can be inserted using multimedia software
-    copy and paste
-    save and import